This concept, known as the Link, has been a major motivation for advocates to promote new legislation criminalizing bestiality, modernize old state statutes, and expand penalties for individuals convicted of having sex with animals. Since the 1960s, a growing body of literature has developed suggesting that individuals who harm animals may also interpersonally offend. Until recently, many laws in the U.S. had been outdated and vague, utilizing moralistic terminology. In the 1800s, Henry Bergh imported the animal welfare approach to the United States, which modernized the legislative treatment of animals in the country. In the early American colonies, religious prohibitions against bestiality provided the grounds for punishing those who engaged in such acts. Societies have proscribed bestiality, or sex between humans and nonhuman animals, since the earliest recorded legal codes.
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